Publications
The Publications list will soon be updated with links to abstracts/full articles.
Genetic
Motilal, L. A., Zhang, D., Umaharan, P., Boccara, M., Mischke, S., Sankar, A. and Meinhardt, L. W. (2012) Elucidation of genetic identity and population structure of cacao germplasm within an international cacao genebank. Plant Genetic Resources 08/2012; 10(3):232-241. DOI:10.1017/S1479262112000305
Johnson, E., Bekele, F., Brown, S., Zhang, D., Meinhart, L. and Schnell, R. (2009). Population Structure and Genetic Diversity of the Trinitario Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) from Trinidad and Tobago. Crop Science 49: 564–572.
Sounigo, O., R. Umaharan, Y. Christopher, A. Sankar and S. Ramdahin (2005) Assessing the Genetic Diversity in the International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICG,T) using Isozyme Electrophoresis and RAPD. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution Volume 52, Number 8, 1111-1120, DOI: 10.1007/s10722-004-6110-4
Newsletters
Sounigo, O., Umaharan, R., Sankar, A. and Ramdahin, S. (2000) Estimation of the level of heterozygosity of 570 cocoa clones using isozyme electrophoresis. INGENIC Newsletter 6
Papers presented at Conferences and Seminars
Iwaro, A. D., Bekele, F., Butler, D.R., Singh, V., Holder, A, Bharath, Surujdeo-Maharaj, S., Thévenin, J-M., Debert, P and G.G. Bidaisee. Recent advances in breeding for specific traits in cocoa. In Proceedings of the International Congress on Tropical Agriculture: Overcoming Challenges to Developing Sustainable Agri-Food Systems in the Tropics. Hyatt Regency, Port of Spain Trinidad, November 30 – December 5 2008. pp 43-52.
Germplasm Management
Abdul-Karimu, A., Butler, D.R., Iwaro, A.D., Sukha, D.A., Bekele, F., Mooleedhar, V. and Shripat, C. (2003). Farmers’ perceptions of cocoa planting material and factors affecting the cocoa industry in Trinidad and Tobago. Tropical Agriculture (Trinidad) Vol. 80 (October 2003): 261-266.
Bekele, F.L., A.D. Iwaro, Butler, D.R. and Bidaisee, G.G. (2008b). Upper Amazon Forastero cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) 2: An overview of Parinari clones from a breeder’s perspective. Tropical Agriculture (Trinidad). Vol 85 No. 1 January 2008: 16-33.
Iwaro, A. D., Bekele, F.L. and Butler, D.R. (2003). Evaluation and utilisation of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) germplasm at the International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad. Euphytica (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands) 130: 207-221.
Soria, S. de J. and Butler, D.R. (1999) Influence of daylength and air temperature on flight activity of Forcipomyia (forcipomyia genualis and F. (euprojoannisia) spatulifera (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) in cocoa plantation, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil. Entomología y Vectores, Rio de Janeiro 6: 641-661.
Field Reports
Brasso Seco Cocoa Conservation
Numerical Taxonomy
Bekele, F.L., Bekele I., Butler, D.R.B. and Bidaisee, G.G. (2006). Patterns of morphological variation in a sample of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) germplasm from the International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad. Genetic Resources & Crop Evolution (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands) Volume 53 (5) (August 2006): 933-948.
Bekele, F.L., Butler, D.R. and Bidaisee, G.G. (2008a). Upper Amazon Forastero cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) 1: An assessment of phenotypic relationships in the International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad. Tropical Agriculture (Trinidad) Vol 85 No. 1 January 2008: 1-15
Bekele, F.L., Kennedy, A.J., Mc David, C., Lauckner, F.B., and Bekele, I. (1994). Numerical taxonomic studies on cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) in Trinidad. Euphytica (published by Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands) 75:231-240.
Bekele, F. and Bekele, I. (1996). A sampling of the phenetic diversity in the International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad. Crop Science (published by The Crop Science Society, The United States of America) 36 (1):57-64.
Mollineau, W., Bekele, F. and G. Garcia (2008). An examination of the Neo-tropical red squirrel (Sciurus granatensis) as a pest of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) in the International Cacao Genebank, Trinidad, Trinidad. Tropical Agriculture (Trinidad) Vol. 85 No. 2 April 2008: 149-160.
Maharaj, K.., Maharaj, P., Bekele, F.L., Ramnath, D., Bidaisee, G.G., Bekele, I., Persad, C., Jennings, K., and Sankar, R. (2011). Trinidad selected hybrids: An investigation of the Phenotypic and agro-economic traits of 20 selected cacao culivars. Tropical Agriculture (Trinidad) Volume 88 (4).
Theses
Mooleedhar, V. (2000) Morphological characterisation and genetic evaluation of a relic Criollo Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) population in Belize. PhD Thesis, The University of the West Indies, Trinidad.
Phytopathology
Cilas, C., Lanaud, C., Paulin, D., Nyassé, S., N'Goran , J.A. Kébé, B.I., Ducamp, M., Flament, M.H., Risterucci, A,M., Pieretti, I., Sounigo, O., Thévenin, J-M., and Despréaux, D. (1998) Resistance to pod rot caused by Phytophthora spp., the search for resistance components. Plantations, recherché, développment 5(6): 447-449
Iwaro, A.D., Sreenivasan, T.N., and Umaharan, P. (1998). Cacao resistance to Phythophthora: effect of pathogen species; inoculation depths and pod maturity. European Journal of Plant Pathology 104: 11-15
Iwaro, A.D., Sreenivasan, T.N. and Umaharan, P. (1997) Phytophthora resistance in cacao (Theobroma cacao). Influence of pod morphological characteristics, Plant Pathology 46: 557-565
Iwaro, A.D., Sreenivasan, T.N. and Umaharan, P. (1997) Foliar resistance to Phytophthora palmivora as an indication of pod resistance in Theobroma cacao, Plant Disease 81(6): 619-624
Iwaro, A.D., Sreenivasan, T.N. and Umaharan, P. (1997) Inheritance of foliar resistance to Phytophthora palmivora (Butler) Butler in cacao (Theobroma cacaoL.), Euphytica 96: 377-383
Lanaud, C, Fouet O, Clément D, Boccara M, Risterucci AM, Surujdeo-Maharaj S, Legavre T, Argout X. 2009.A meta–QTL analysis of disease resistance traits of Theobroma cacao L.. Molecular Breeding. 24(4):361-374.
Surujdeo-Maharaj, S.; Umaharan. P. and Butler, D.R. 2004. Assessment of resistance to witches’ broom disease in clonal and segregating populations of Theobroma cacao Plant Disease, 88: 797-803.
Surujdeo-Maharaj, S.; Umaharan. P., Butler, D.R. and T.N. Sreenivasan. 2003. An optimized screening method for identifying levels of resistance to Crinipellis perniciosa in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.). Plant Pathology, 52: 464-475.
Surujdeo-Maharaj, S. and P. Umaharan. 2003. A New Approach to Screening for Resistance to Witches' Broom Disease in Cacao Breeding Programmes. INGENIC, 8: 25-28.
Surujdeo-Maharaj, S., Umaharan. P., and Iwaro. A.D., 2001. Study of genotype-isolate interaction in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.): resistance of cacao genotypes to isolates of Phytophthora palmivora. Euphytica 118 (3): 295-303.
Thévenin, J.M., Umaharan, R., Surujdeo-Maharaj, S., Latchman, B., Cilas, C., and Butler, D.R. 2005. Relationships between black pod and witches’ broom diseases in Theobroma cacao. Phytopathology 95: 1301-1307.
Book chapters
Lanaud, C. Motomayor, J.C. and Sounigo, O. (1999) Le cacaoyer. Pages 141-173 in: Diversité Génétique des plantes tropicales. CIRAD. (Hamon, P., Seguin, M. Perrier, X. and Glaszmann, J.C. Editors) ISBN 2- 87614-334-8.
Manuals
Bharath, S., Phillips, W. and Krauss, U. (1999). Practical notes on work with Phytophthora species. Pages 123-130 in: Research Methodology in Biocontrol of Plant Diseases with Special Reference to Fungal Diseases of Cocoa. Workshop Manual.
Papers presented at Conferences and Seminars
Surujdeo-Maharaj, S., P. Umaharan and D.R. Butler 2008. Inheritance of resistance to Moniliophthora perniciosa using agar-droplet inoculation of clones and segregating populations in Theobroma cacao L. In Proceedings of 5th INGENIC Workshop on Cocoa Breeding for Farmers’ Needs, San Jose-Costa Rica, 15-17 October, 2006 (In Press).
Legavre, T., M. Ducamp, X. Sabau, X. Argout, S. Surujdeo-Maharaj, D. Paulin and C. Lanaud. 2009. Identification of Theobroma cacao genes differentially expressed during Phytophthora megakarya infection. In Proceedings of the 16th International Cocoa Research Conference, Bali, Indonesia, 16-21 November 2009. In Press.
Legavre, T., X. Sabau, S. Surujdeo-Maharaj, K. Gramacho, J. Cascardo, X. Argout, O. Fouet, M. Allegre, M. Guiltinan, D. Butler and C. Lanaud. 2009. Towards the understanding of the cocoa transcriptome: a microarray dedicated to studies of disease resistance and cocoa quality. In Proceedings of the 16th International Cocoa Research Conference, Bali, Indonesia, 16-21 November 2009. In Press.
Legavre, T., Ducamp, M., Sabau, X., Argout, X., Fouet, O., Surujdeo-Maharaj, S., Thévenin, J-M., and C. Lanaud. 2008. Identification of Theobroma cacao genes differentially expressed during Phytophthora infection. In Book of Abstracts. Seventh Plant Genomics European Meetings, Albena, Bulgaria, 24-27 September 2008. P 185.
Surujdeo-Maharaj, S., P. Umaharan and D.R. Butler. Inheritance of resistance to witches’ broom disease caused by Crinipellis perniciosa in Theobroma cacao L. In Proceedings of the 15th International Cocoa Research Conference, San Jose, Costa Rica, 9–14 October 2006.
Surujdeo-Maharaj, S., P. Umaharan, and D.R. Butler. Evidence of polygenic inheritance of resistance to witches’ broom disease caused by Moniliophthora perniciosa in T. cacao L. In Proceedings of 5th INCOPED International Seminar on ‘Developing Effective Sustainable Crop Protection Systems for Cocoa Production’ 15–17th October, 2006, San Jose, Costa Rica.
Surujdeo-Maharaj, S. and P. Umaharan. 2006. Genetics of resistance to witches’ broom disease caused by Crinipellis perniciosa in cacao. In: Abstracts booklet, APS.CPS.MSA Joint meeting, Quebec City, Canada. P 111.
Surujdeo-Maharaj, S., Umaharan. P. and Butler, D.R. 2005. Understanding the relationship between host and pathogen in developing an optimized screening method for identifying resistance in cacao to Witches’ broom disease. In Proc. of 14th Intl. Cocoa Res. Conf., Accra, Ghana, 13–18 October 2003. 59.
Surujdeo-Maharaj, S.; Umaharan. P., and Iwaro. A. D., 2003. Host-pathogen interaction between cacao and Phytophthora palmivora. In Proceedings of 11th NIHERST Conference on Agricultural Research and Development in Trinidad and Tobago, Mc. Bean, Trinidad, 28–29 November 2000, 48-57.
Surujdeo-Maharaj, S.; Iwaro. A. D., and Umaharan. P., 2001. Assessment of genotype-isolate interaction in resistance of cacao to Phytophthora palmivora. In Proceedings of 13th Intl. Cocoa Res. Conf., Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia, 9–14 October 2000. 473-480.
Umaharan, R., Thévenin, J-M., Surujdeo-Maharaj, S. and Latchman, B. 2005. Identification of resistance to witches’ broom disease in the International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad. In Proc. of 14th International Cocoa Research Conference, Accra, Ghana, 13–18 October 2003. 162-169.
Postharvest/Flavour & Quality
Khan, N. Motilal, L.A. Sukha, D.A., Bekele, F.L., Iwaro, A.D., Bidaisee, G.G., Umaharan, P., Grierson, L.H. and Zhang, D. (2008). Variability of butterfat content in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.): combination and correlation with other seed-derived traits at the International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad. Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilisation Volume 6 (3): pp 175-186. Published online by Cambridge University Press 19 May 2008 doi:10.1017/S1479262108994132.
